Have you heard horror stories about glass shower doors spontaneously shattering due to thermal shock? Have you ever wondered if your windows are at risk during a freezing winter night? What about glass exterior doors — do you need to be worried about them cracking in the cold, compromising your home’s security?
Although glass is typically strong and reliable, extreme cold temperatures — along with other factors — can indeed lead to breakage. While this phenomenon is relatively uncommon, it’s important to understand the risks involved so you can protect your home or business.
In this blog post, we’ll explore how cold temperatures affect glass, what factors can make glass shatter in cold weather, and how to keep your windows and doors safe this winter.
How Cold Temperatures Affect Glass
Glass is a truly unique material. Made from melted sand, glass is strong, transparent, a good insulator, chemical- and fire-resistant, and recyclable. However, because it’s perfectly elastic at the atomic level (meaning it returns to its original shape when stress is removed), it can shatter without warning if it’s subjected to excessive stress.
One source of stress that can cause breakage is thermal stress, which is a type of mechanical stress that occurs due to a temperature change. Like many materials, glass expands in the heat and contracts in the cold. When different parts of a glass surface are exposed to varying temperatures, these parts expand and contract at different rates, putting stress on the glass and causing it to crack or even shatter.
The following situations are common culprits of thermal stress that can cause fractures:
- Rapid temperature shifts
- Large differences in indoor and outdoor temperatures
- Different parts of a window are exposed to varying amounts of sunlight
Certain types of glass, such as standard glass, are more vulnerable to shattering in cold temperatures. Tempered and laminated glass go through a special manufacturing processes that increase their heat resistance; however, they’re not completely immune to thermal stress.
Insulated glass units are one of the best window options for extreme temperatures. They consist of at least two panes of glass that are separated by a spacer and sealed together along the edges. The air between the panes insulates the windows, providing a thermal barrier between indoors and outdoors and decreasing the likelihood of temperature-related breaks.
Factors That Contribute to Glass Breakage in Cold Weather
Sudden temperature changes or cold weather may not be enough on their own to shatter your windows, but when you add other factors, the risk of breakage is much higher.
The following factors increase the likelihood of glass breakage in cold temperatures:
- Structural weaknesses, including small chips or cracks in the glass, that can worsen when subjected to thermal stress.
- Tension points due to improper installation that add additional stress to the glass.
- Environmental factors, such as strong winds or snow buildup, that place extra strain on the glass.
Preventing Glass Breakage in Cold Weather
You may not be able to control the frigid weather this winter, but there are steps you can take to prevent your glass windows and doors from shattering when the temperatures drop.
- Inspect and repair existing damage: Before the chill descends, thoroughly inspect your glass windows and doors. If you notice any chips or cracks, address them promptly to ensure the glass’s structural integrity.
- Install the right type of glass: Consider upgrading to insulated glass units or tempered glass, which are more effective at providing insulation in cold climates.
- Avoid abrupt temperature changes: Don’t pour hot water on your windows or doors to remove ice and frost. Manual removal through careful brushing or scraping is best.
- Professional maintenance: Professional inspections and maintenance are essential for keeping your glass in top condition and reducing the likelihood of temperature-related damage.
What to Do If Your Glass Shatters in the Cold
If your glass shatters, whether due to cold temperatures or not, the first thing you should do is clear the area to prevent injuries. Use a temporary solution like a wooden board or sheet of heavy-duty plastic to block the opening.
Sweep up the glass pieces with a broom, place them in a cardboard box, and seal it up before throwing it away. Wear thick gloves, long sleeves, long pants, and sturdy shoes to avoid hurting yourself.
Once the situation is under control, contact a professional for prompt replacement services.
Ensure Your Windows and Doors Can Withstand the Cold
Prioritize safety this winter and schedule an inspection, repairs, or replacement with Moyes Glass to ensure your windows are ready for the cold temperatures. With expert service, high-quality products, and proper precautions, you can avoid most cold-weather glass issues and keep your home intact year-round.